Wealthy PotRMD Calculator
Work out your required minimum distribution from an IRA, 401(k) or TSP using the IRS Uniform Lifetime Table, see when your first RMD is due under SECURE 2.0, and project the next 10 years.
The calculation in one line
Your RMD is the account balance on December 31 of last year divided by the distribution period for your age in the IRS Uniform Lifetime Table (Table III in Publication 590-B). The divisor shrinks every year, so the share you must withdraw rises: about 3.8% at 73, about 4.95% at 80 and about 8.2% at 90.
What the calculator assumes
- You are the original owner of a traditional IRA, 401(k), 403(b), 457(b) or TSP account. Inherited accounts follow different rules: see the inherited IRA guide.
- Your spouse is not your sole beneficiary while also being more than 10 years younger than you.
- The 10-year projection grows the balance at a constant rate after each withdrawal. Real returns vary, so treat it as an illustration.
Several accounts?
Work out the RMD for each account separately. Traditional IRA RMDs can then be added together and taken from any one or more of your IRAs, and the same goes for 403(b) accounts. RMDs from 401(k), 457(b) and TSP accounts must be taken from each plan separately.
The full table, the deadlines and the exceptions are in our RMD table guide.
Frequently Asked Questions
How is a required minimum distribution calculated?
Take the account balance on December 31 of the previous year and divide it by the distribution period for your age in the IRS Uniform Lifetime Table. At 75 the divisor is 24.6, so a $500,000 balance means an RMD of about $20,325.
At what age do RMDs start?
Under SECURE 2.0 and the IRS regulations the starting age is 73 if you were born from 1951 through 1958, and 75 if you were born in 1960 or later. For people born in 1959, proposed IRS regulations set it at 73; that part is not yet final. Your first RMD is for the year you reach that age.
When is the deadline?
December 31 each year, except the first RMD, which can wait until April 1 of the following year. Waiting means two RMDs in that second year, which can push you into a higher bracket.
What if I miss an RMD?
The excise tax is 25% of the amount you should have taken, reduced to 10% if you take the missed amount and correct it within two years. You report it on Form 5329.
Do Roth IRAs have RMDs?
Not while the original owner is alive. Since 2024, Roth accounts inside 401(k) and similar employer plans are also exempt during the owner's lifetime. Beneficiaries who inherit a Roth do have distribution rules.
My spouse is more than 10 years younger. Does this apply?
If your spouse is your sole beneficiary and more than 10 years younger, you use the IRS Joint Life and Last Survivor table instead, which gives a longer period and a smaller RMD. This calculator uses the Uniform Lifetime Table, so it would overstate your RMD.
